Early symptoms and treatment methods of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

1. Know the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common respiratory disease, and its main feature is continuous respiratory obstruction. This obstruction usually derives the excessive inflammatory response of the lungs, which causes a large amount of mucus to produce the lungs, which hinders the circulation of air. The main symptoms of COPD include cough, shortness of breath and breathing difficulties. These symptoms may not be obvious in the early stages. Therefore, it is very important to understand the early symptoms of COPD and how to treat.

2. Early symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

(1) Long -term cough

Cough is one of the most common early symptoms of COPD. At the beginning, cough may only happen occasionally, but with the development of the disease, cough may become persistent and frequent.

(2) Pneumatic

Pneumonia is another common symptom of COPD. In the early stage, this shortage may only occur after the activity, but as the condition worsen, shortness of breath may occur even during a break.

(3) Difficulty breathing

Division of breathing is another main symptom of COPD. Patients may feel insufficient air and need to breathe deeply to relieve. In severe cases, this may lead to night insomnia.

(4) chest tightness

Chest tightness is a kind of discomfort that COPD patients often feel. This may make the patient feel a sense of oppression.

(5) fatigue

Due to dyspnea and lack of oxygen, COPD patients may feel fatigue and weakness. This fatigue may affect the daily life and work of patients.

3. How to prevent chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

(1) Quit smoking

Quit smoking is one of the most important measures to prevent COPD. Harmic substances in tobacco will damage lung tissue, leading to inflammatory response and mucus production.

(2) Avoid air pollution

Avoid long -term exposure to environments with severe air pollution, such as factories and busy traffic.

(3) Healthy diet

Keep a healthy diet and eat more nutritious foods such as fresh fruits, vegetables and whole grains.

(4) Exercise exercise

Aerobic exercise regularly, such as walking, jogging, etc., can enhance respiratory function and immunity.

(5) vaccination vaccine

Vaccinations such as flu vaccine and pneumonia, pneumonia, and other vaccines can prevent the symptoms of infection and aggravate COPD.

4. The consequences of copd are not treated in time

If chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is not treated in time, it may lead to a series of serious health consequences, including:

(1) Decrease in lung function

COPD patients have poor alveolar elasticity, contraction weakness, and carbon dioxide stays in the alveoli, causing excessive expansion of the alveoli and even rupture. These changes can gradually decrease lung function and affect the efficiency of gas exchange.

(2) respiratory failure

Due to the continuous damage to the lung structure, patients with COPD may have respiratory failure. This is a serious medical condition and may require mechanical ventilation support.

(3) Pulmonary heart disease and pulmonary hypertension

COPD does not treat lung heart disease in time, which is a structural change that has occurred due to long -term burden. In addition, pulmonary hypertension may occur, which further exacerbates the burden on the heart and lungs.

(4) Life threat

In the most serious cases, COPD can develop to a fatal point, especially when combining other health problems, such as inconvenience or heart failure.

5. Treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

COPD stable treatment includes measures such as drug treatment, oxygen therapy, respiratory rehabilitation and lung surgery.

(1) Drug treatment

Drugs have bronchial extensions, such as oral or inhalation of β -receptor agonists and M receptor blockers, oral drugs of catekine, and joint inhalation therapy for β -injury agonists and glucocorticoids. Studies have found that hormones can act in multiple aspects of COPD inflammation. Among patients with stable period, FEV1 can be increased slightly to improve the reactivity of bronchies; in patients with severe COPD Fev1. The efficacy of the combined treatment of two or more drugs is better than the treatment of single drugs.

(2) oxygen therapy

Persons with arterial blood oxygen pressure <55 mmHg should give long -term oxygen therapy, so that patients with arterial blood oxygen saturation> 90%in any state (including exercise, activity and sleep).

(3) Respiratory rehabilitation treatment

COPD patients with dyspnea or limited exercise activities should be treated with rehabilitation, including a healthy lifestyle to perform respiratory muscle exercise and physical exercise.

(4) Surgical treatment

Surgical treatment is a major progress in COPD treatment, including large -haven, lung reduction, and lung transplantation. Patients' cough, sputum, and dyspnea are defined as COPD acute aggravation.

COPD acute aggravation is divided into level Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and III. Patients with level I use outpatient treatment, while patients with level II are mainly hospitalized. Patients III patients are severely aggravated and requires ICU rescue. Treatment measures are different from the level 3 levels, including oxygen therapy, antibacterial therapy, bronchial dilation agent, hormone, non -invasive or creative mechanical ventilation therapy.

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In short, it is very important to understand the early symptoms and treatment methods of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. By adopting the implementation of preventive measures, timely diagnosis and treatment measures, the development of the disease can be effectively controlled and the quality of life of patients can be improved. At the same time, improve lifestyle (such as smoking quit, appropriate exercise) and possible rehabilitation treatment. This can effectively control the condition and reduce the risk of complications. At the same time, the regular lung function examination can also help discover the changes in the condition and adjust the treatment plan in time.

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